.NET Core - What do all the versions mean?

DRAFT This article contains best guesses... help wanted. Tweet help to @dicshaunary .

Things that have versions

Runtime. The main ones are .NET Core, .NET Framework, and Mono.
.NET Core The cross-platform runtime.
.NET Framework...
Mono...
.NET Core Shared Framework (fx) Host. Dunno?!?
- host framework (fx) resolver
- github.com/dotnet/core-setup/tree/release/1.1.0/src/corehost/cli/fxr
.NET Standard. A set of APIs that runtimes implement.
Command Line Interface (CLI). Let us run SDK commands from a shell.
Software Development Kit (SDK). Allows us to build projects.

Versions inside the SDK install

When we install SDK version 1.0.1 we receiving these versions:

.NET Core Runtime                     1.0.4 and 1.1.1
.NET Core Shared Framework Host       1.1.0
Command Line Interface                1.0.1
Software Development Kit              1.0.1
.NET Standard                         ?

Research (unanswered) questions

Are version 1.1.0 and version 1.1 equivalent?
How do versions of things that have versions relate to each other?
What does the .NET Core 1.0.1 SDK install?
Are corefx and ".NET Core Shared Framework Host" synonyms?

Research

When we install the .NET Core SDK 1.0.1 we receive a new listing in Programs and Features: .NET Core SDK 1.0.1 (x64) . We also receive the following directory structure (some items omitted):

C:\Program Files\dotnet\
  host\fxr\1.1.0\
  sdk\1.0.1\
  shared\Microsoft.NETCore.App\
    1.0.4\
    1.1.1\
  dotnet.exe

host

contains the "Microsoft .NET Core Shared Framework Host"
we see its version when we run dotnet

sdk

contains what we need to build projects
dotnet CLI operations calls into this
try renaming it to sdk.bak and running any dotnet command
we see its version when we run dotnet --version or dotnet --info

shared

contains two versions of the .NET Core runtime:
1.0.4 is the long-term support (LTS);
1.1.1 is the current version.

dotnet.exe

this is the command line interface.
it forwards its commands to the SDK.